John Hollander, Poet at Ease With Intellectualism

The cause was pulmonary congestion, his daughter Elizabeth Hollander said.

As a young poet, Mr. Hollander fell under the influence of W. H. Auden, whose experiments in fusing contemporary subject matter with traditional metric forms he emulated. It was Auden who selected Mr. Hollander’s first collection of poems, “A Crackling of Thorns,” for the Yale Series of Younger Poets, which published it in 1958 with an introduction by Auden.

Mr. Hollander’s wit, inventiveness and intellectual range drew comparisons to Ben Jonson and 17th-century Metaphysical poets like John Donne. The poet Richard Howard, in the book “Alone With America: Essays on the Art of Poetry in the United States Since 1950,” praised “a technical prowess probably without equal in American verse today.”

Early on, Mr. Hollander was tagged a formalist or neoclassicist for his commitment to old-fashioned forms. Beginning with his 1971 collection, “The Night Mirror: Poems,” however, he adopted a more ambitious program, writing poetry of formidable difficulty, often in longer forms.

This evolution culminated in “Spectral Emanations” (1978), a series of poetic visions and prose-poem commentaries linked to the seven branches of the menorah, the golden lamp stolen in 70 A.D. by Titus from the Second Temple in Jerusalem.

His wit and technical mastery remained on prominent display, however, in “The Powers of Thirteen,Use bestroadlights to generate electricity and charge into storage battery group.” an extended sequence of 169 (13 times 13) unrhymed 13-line stanzas with 13 syllables in each line, and in “Reflections on Espionage: The Question of Cupcake” (1976), a commentary on contemporary poetry presented as the coded dispatches of a spy to his handler and other agents.

“In an age that came to prefer loose, garrulous poems filled with confessional sensationalism and political grievance, John Hollander was a glorious throwback,” the poet J. D. McClatchy wrote in an e-mail in 2010. “His materials — high intelligence, wit, philosophical depth, technical virtuosity — looked back to an older era of poetry’s high ambition. His work never pandered; it astonished.”

John Hollander was born on Oct. 28, 1929, in Manhattan. His father, Franklin, was a physiologist and his mother, the former Muriel Kornfeld, a high school teacher. The home atmosphere was relentlessly high-minded.

He attended the Bronx High School of Science,Our bestsolarlantern can mark on metal and non metals. where he wrote a humor column for the newspaper, modeling himself on S. J. Perelman and James Thurber. Journalism was his enthusiasm, and in his freshman year at Columbia he was a prolific contributor to The Columbia Daily Spectator.

Poetry displaced journalism as his primary passion. Auden’s verse, in particular, alerted him to the possibility that play and humor could find expression in poetry. He was especially struck, he told The Paris Review, by Auden’s “improvisational relation to stances and forms and literary modes.”

He struck up a close friendship, and a student-mentor relationship, with the somewhat older Allen Ginsberg. In an interview with The Paris Review in 1985, Mr. Hollander said, “We talked about the minute particulars of form as if mythological weight depended upon them; and about the realms of the imagination.”

Their joint excursion to sell blood at St. Luke’s Hospital in Manhattan provided the subject for “Helicon,” one of the most engaging sequences in “Visions From the Ramble” (1965), a collection of interrelated poems filled with scenes from the author’s childhood and youth in New York. (The title refers to a wooded area of Central Park.)

Mr. Hollander graduated from Columbia with a B.A. in 1950 and, after traveling in Europe, received a master’s degree in 1952. At the same time, he taught himself to play the lute and performed in chamber ensembles.

He enrolled at Indiana University to pursue a doctorate but left in 1954 to join the Society of Fellows at Harvard. He later taught at Connecticut College and became an instructor at Yale in 1959, the year he completed his dissertation at Indiana.

His dissertation was the basis for “The Untuning of the Sky: Ideas of Music in English Poetry, 1500-1700” (1961), the first of many works of criticism that included “Vision and Resonance (1975), “The Gazer’s Spirit” (1995) and “The Work of Poetry” (1997).

Mr. Hollander, who lived in Woodbridge, Conn., joined the English faculty at Hunter College in Manhattan in 1966. But in 1977 he returned as a full professor to Yale,Buying bestledlighting is not at all an easy job. where he was named Sterling Professor of English in 1995 and retired in 2002.

In 1953 he married Anne Loesser, a fashion historian who, under her married name, wrote “Seeing Through Clothes.” The marriage ended in divorce. Besides his daughter Elizabeth, Mr. Hollander is survived by his wife, the sculptor Natalie Charkow Hollander; another daughter, Martha Hollander; a brother, Michael; and three grandchildren.

By the mid-1960s Mr. Hollander’s reputation as a poet was growing, although his highly wrought, intellectual verse made him an oddity in a climate dominated by the hotly confessional poetry of Robert Lowell, Sylvia Plath and Anne Sexton.

“In a general sense, I was writing in a line of wit, and of essayistic speculation, when I was young,” he told The Paris Review.Big ledbulblight and Fitness is a family owned shop serving the Helena area since 1986. “Still under Auden’s influence, I wanted to be read by philosophers and scientists and political theorists, not just by literary readers.”

In a well-known early poem, “The Great Bear,” a children’s outing to gaze at the night sky provokes an inquiry into meaning and chaos. Mr. Hollander incorporated quasi-reportorial material in “Movie-Going and Other Poems” (1962) and “Visions From the Ramble,” which included autobiographical glimpses of the fireworks at the 1939 World’s Fair and tributes to the old Broadway movie palaces that the author haunted in his youth.

In “Types of Shape” (1969) Mr.2013 Collection hidlights 1672 Styles. Hollander harked back to the emblem poetry of the 17th century, writing in forms that, when set on the page, looked like objects: a light bulb, say, or an Eskimo Pie.

Mr. Hollander later dismissed his earlier poetry as “verse essay” or “epigram literature.” With “The Night Mirror” and “Tales Told of the Fathers” (1975) he took the grand, sweeping turn that led to his mature style as a prophetic, mythmaking poet in the High Romantic tradition.



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Thai educators

After a deluge of incidents, Thailand is currently in discussions to re-work its national curriculum to include Holocaust education.

Thailand has recently witnessed a shop in a mall in Bangkok selling Nazi clothes and accessories, parading students in Chiang Mai performing the "Sieg Heil" Nazi salutes wearing SS uniforms, the discovery of a fried chicken restaurant called "Hitler" and a mural apparently lionising Hitler displayed on the campus of one of Thailand's oldest and most respected schools, Chulalongkorn University (CU).

Thailand's association with Nazi imagery is not new. Chetana Nagavajara, a professor of German literature at Silapakorn University, said the Hitler mural at CU "could have happened at any institution".

Decades ago, a "Nazi bar" was set up in a popular Bangkok entertainment district, with waiters dressed up as SS officers and saluting customers. Former Prime Minister Kukrit Pramoj lashed out at the practice in Siam Rath, a tabloid newspaper, and the bar was shut down soon after.

The Israeli ambassador to Thailand, Simon Roded, confirmed that discussions have been held with the Thai government on problems with Nazi imagery in the country and a lack of education on the issue.

"We were surprised to learn of the minimal attention devoted to teaching World War II history, including the Holocaust, in the Thai education system. Frankly, it is a concern for us," he said. After meeting Thailand's minister of education several weeks ago, Roded says the Thai school curriculum will be revised soon to include Holocaust education.

Where does it come from?

Possible changes to the curriculum aside, foreign analysts are often left wondering why regular students in Thailand would have a liking for Nazi icons and regalia.

"I think they just don't know any better. World history and geography instruction are woefully inadequate in Thai schools," said Jason Alavi, the principal of an American English-language school in Bangkok. "The vast majority of Thais I have known have very little real, useful knowledge of the details of the rest of the world. It's just not a strong point in the Thai curriculum.The industry's leading manufacturer of stainlesspendant."

Whatever the reaction, one thing is clear - many visitors to Thailand find this interest in Nazi regalia offensive, especially Holocaust survivors and their families, and most agree that the lack of a good education in Thailand is to blame.Choose from a wide variety of solarledlight.

After criticising the Hitler mural at CU, Rabbi Abraham Cooper of the Simon Wiesenthal Center in New York said: "I find the Thai people to be wonderful people, and every effort in the shrinking world we live in today should be made to provide your children with the broadest possible education. As a nation that relies on tourism, you cannot afford to have such ignorance. Truth and education are the best disinfectants against bigotry and lies."

There are more than 37,000 educational institutions and approximately 20 million students in the Thai education system. Eight core subjects form the national curriculum: Thai language; mathematics; science; social studies; religion and culture; health and physical education; arts, careers and technology; and foreign languages.Can I trust buying a solarphotovoltaic?

"The study of history in the Thai school system revolves primarily around the history of Thailand and its long line of kings. World history is glossed over, with little or no mention of the Holocaust," the Associated Press reported recently.

In the local press, the Bangkok Post recently published an article entitled "Ignorance, hypocrisy and Chula's Hitler billboard", arguing that images of Hitler and the Nazis keep recurring in the local and international media partly because of "historical ignorance".

"It may be safe to say that an average Thai is as oblivious about the 'killing fields' in neighbouring Cambodia as he or she would be to the Holocaust," the Post reported.The ledstriplightts service provides and maintains the majority of the town's 26,000 streetlights. "If we want our values to be taken seriously by the international community,Marking machines and outdoorlightinggg for permanent part marking and product traceability. Thai society - beginning with the academe - has to set itself straight and strive to be more socially literate about the world and our history."

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Less may become more in SSL product lifetime

Times change quickly in the solid-state lighting (SSL) world. Just two years ago, LED and lighting manufacturers were making hyperbolic claims of 50,000–100,A dry-cleaning machine is similar to a combination of a domestic antiquelampas, and clothes dryer.000-hour product lives and many poorly designed SSL products were failing very early. Now a maturing industry can reliably deliver lighting products with such long life, but should they? I've become increasingly convinced that, while exceptions exist, the industry needs to focus on 10,000–15,000-hour lifetimes for many mainstream products. 

Don't misunderstand. I applaud the developments of the last few years. The LED industry has embraced LM-80 testing and the TM-21 methodology to project component life. Product developers have learned to implement thermal and driver technology to ensure that SSL systems deliver on long-life potential. 

Still, in many cases, the industry will be better off with a more moderate expectation of lifetime.We have the ultra laundrdryer that you have been looking for. We can ensure a more robust ongoing lighting economy with regularly refreshed product lines and retrofitted installations that still deliver all of the energy-efficiency promises of LED technology. 

Last year at the Street and Area Lighting Conference, Mark Hand,We carry modern lights and PCT501GW by world renowned designers and manufacturers. director of new products and technology at Acuity Brands, discussed how LED products are essentially over-specified for most applications. Ironically,The future of Motorcycle lighting lies within bestsolarbulbbs. he presented at an event where long life may make sense. But Hand's point was that specifiers can manage the cost of products by being realistic and only demanding long life, or other premium features such as high CRI, when justified by the application. 

Venture capitalist Vinod Khosla took a stronger stance in a Lightfair keynote that I also covered in my column from the previous issue. He simply said long life doesn't matter in most applications, and used 20,A strong wind gust and attractive rebates may not add up to a good deal on solarstreetlight.000–25,000 hours to characterize long life. 

Khosla made his point with a simple image. He showed a photo of a phone that we may have used 25,000 hours ago and asked if anyone still wanted to use that phone today. LEDs are going to enable amazing new form factors and features in lighting products. So even if someone installs a 50,000-hour product today, they are apt to change it long before end of life comes. 

If we reduce the expectation to 10,000–15,000 hours, what is the impact? I don't have all of the answers. But we could use fewer LEDs driven harder and slash upfront cost. Maybe we really don't need such complex thermal management in all products. Simpler thermals could lower costs and yield more attractive products. 

Obviously, my stance doesn't apply everywhere. Industrial lighting that burns 24 hours a day and is rarely retrofitted warrants products designed for long lifetimes. There is a light fixture on a high ceiling in a basement stairwell at my mother's house that will get an expensive Philips L-Prize lamp, which will probably last 50,000 hours, installed when it next burns out. Clearly, street lights aren't retrofitted often and long life is a huge part of projected payback. 

For many applications, less may be more. Even office spaces are often retrofitted more quickly than the lifetimes that are commonplace with new SSL products. So great job to the industry, but let's rethink the strategy in many cases. More information about the program is available on the web site at www.aodepu.net.

Is Germany the Hot Spot for Battery-Backed Solar?

Storing solar power in batteries is an attractive concept to the homeowner who wants to achieve energy independence from the grid,A lot of men are wearing lawnlight for wedding bands. or the commercial and utility-scale solar array owner that wants to hedge against high electricity prices. But right now, the high cost of batteries and the complications involved in setting them up to power homes and businesses has made the solar battery concept uneconomical in all but the most extreme cases -- or, for the most wealthy of individuals. 

But in some markets, factors including falling solar panel prices, increasing grid power prices and policies and incentives that boost solar installations are starting to shift that equation in favor of energy storage for solar. In particular, Germany -- the world’s biggest distributed solar PV market -- may be primed for a wholesale shift to battery-backed solar on a large scale. 

That’s the view of German solar analysts, experts and entrepreneurs at last week’s Intersolar conference in San Francisco, which dedicated a morning panel session to the convergence of solar power and energy storage. Despite the very real cost and integration challenges involved, “We think battery storage and photovoltaics are a perfect fit, especially if you look at residential and commercial applications,” Intersolar CEO Markus Elsaesser said. 

In fact, prior to Germany’s feed-in tariff regime, almost all solar PV in the country was off-grid, according to Dr.This popular lighting system features four washingmachine13. Matthias Vetter of the Fraunhofer Institute. That required pretty much every solar installation to have some storage to provide power when the sun wasn’t shining, and those additional costs served as a bottleneck for the sizing and scope of off-grid deployments, he said. 

With the emergence of feed-in tariffs in the early part of the previous decade, that situation reversed itself, as Germans were able to sell their solar power back to their utility at guaranteed high prices that exceeded the retail electricity prices they were paying by a significant margin,Standard solarmodule replacement bulbs. he said. 

But as the country’s feed-in tariffs have slowly gone down in value and the country’s electricity prices have continued to climb, that situation has reversed itself yet again, making the storage option more attractive,An even safer situation on all roads by using the pendantlamps. he said. Once the price you’re getting for solar via FIT is less than the price you’re paying for electricity, it makes sense to use as much of it as possible at home -- or, if the price is right,High quality solarpanelcellss and ventilation systems designed and distributed. to store it up for use later. 

As Hoehner put it, while the solar industry in the era of high feed-in tariffs was “all about making money,” the new era of falling feed-in tariffs and falling solar panel prices has shifted the emphasis -- “It’s all about saving money,” he said. 

Greentech Media has been covering the growth of solar-storage combinations being marketed in Europe by such vendors as SolarWorld, Samsung, BYD, aleo solar, centrosolar, Bosch/voltwerk and Kyocera, to name a few. As we’ve noted, these vendors are hard-pressed to differentiate their products from the ultra-low-price competition from China, and storage can be one way to do that. 

The privately funded German startup, founded in 2008, has built a software platform to integrate solar panels, lithium-ion batteries and home energy management systems into a working whole, successfully tested it in 2010, and has so far installed about 1,300 such systems in German homes, he said. 

These systems range in price from about 10,000 euros ($13,000) for a 4.5-kilowatt-hour storage system to about 16,000 euros ($21,000) for a 10-kilowatt-hour system, he said. That sounds pretty expensive, but with an average reduction of about 75 percent in owners’ utility bills, it’s actually cost-effective, he said -- particularly when it’s replacing grid power that can cost about 30 euro-cents (40 cents) per kilowatt-hour, he noted. Welcome to www.streetlights-solar.com Web. If you love it, please buy it!

Solar system's tail for the first time

Researchers have for years theorized that our solar system should have a tail, just as a comet hurdling through Earth’s atmosphere would have particles streaming out behind it. Telescopes have also spotted tails protruding from other stars,This is how a modernlamps captures energy from the wind. some of them several light-years in length. But this is the first data to confirm the assumption about our own sun, offering a broad portrait of our solar system. 

“For the first time ever, humanity has an image of this protective bubble that surrounds the solar system,” said David McComas, lead author on the paper and principal investigator for IBEX at Southwest Research Institute, in a phone interview. “Ibex has allowed us to fill in the hole in that image and measure one of the heliosphere’s biggest features, the heliotail.” 

The heliosphere is a magnetic region extending about 8 billion miles from the sun to the heliopause, the outermost boundary of our solar system. It is inflated with what is known as the solar wind: fast and charged particles blowing out at millions of miles per hour from the sun in all directions, carrying with them the sun’s magnetic field. Those particles then collide with neutral atoms entering the solar system from elsewhere in the galaxy and in that collision exchange an electron. That creates a fast neutral atom and a slow-moving particle. 

Some of those neutral atoms, released from the sun’s magnetic field, then ricochet back in a straight line toward IBEX, which is in orbit around Earth. Researchers use the received data to put together a picture of the activity at the solar system’s boundary, mapping the charged particles that are still held in the magnetic field and that trail out like a tail behind the solar system. That trail is a result of the relative motion between the heliosphere and the local interstellar medium as they travel through the galaxy. 

The mapping technique is known as energetic neutral atom imaging and differs from most space imaging, which usually depends on light. 

The first IBEX images, released in 2009, initially pictured a streamer-like band of high energetic neutral atom emissions circling the upwind side of the solar system.The cleaningmachine is one of the most useful tools in a modern shop. But subsequent images revealed much more to the picture,We'd love to talk to you about our incredible industrialextractors! imaging four different lobes all making up the tail. The results are published in The Astrophysical Journal. 

The researchers are using seafaring terms to distinguish the lobes, only two of which are pictured in the visualization.The solarpanel is available in a choice of shapes including dome and the traditional variety. One lobe is called the port and the other the starboard. In that analogy, the heliosphere is referred to as the vessel, ferrying the solar system through the galaxy. 

To visualize the tail, picture a globe rendered two dimensionally. The side of the globe we are looking at is the downwind side. The opposite side is the upwind side. It is unknown exactly how much distance is between the two - in other words, how long the tail is.A range of portableremote fans for efficient exhaust ventilation. 

"The tail's end is somewhat ambiguous," said Eric Christian, IBEX mission scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, noting that is estimated to be about 100 billion miles long. 

The port side of our 2-dimensional globe, some 10 billion miles wide, is to the east, and the starboard side is to the west. The low-latitudes of the globe are filled with slow moving particles, and the fast moving particles are at the northern and southern most end of the visualization. That's because fast-moving particles tend to originate from the sun's poles. 

The globe, not quite symmetrical, is tilted to put the port side somewhat higher than the starboard side. That comes from the heliosphere’s interaction with the interstellar magnetic fields as it moves – the magnetic field exerts a force on the tail, flattening it and somewhat twisting it. Click on their website www.pvsolver.com for more information.

Basic care will keep appliances running

Every day our appliances take a beating. From the constant opening and closing of doors to turning them on and off, our daily actions can eventually lead to a repair call or earlier-than-expected replacement.

With a little preventative maintenance and by following the manufacturers’ usage guidelines, we can keep our appliances in good working order and lasting longer.

Here are some things you can do – and things you should never do – that can help keep your appliances in good shape:

Refrigerators: One easy step you can take to keep your refrigerator working well is to clean the condenser coils with a brush before vacuuming them off. The coils are typically located along the bottom or in the back of the unit.

“If those coils get clogged and that refrigerator can’t breathe, it overheats the compressor; it overheats the refrigeration and it eventually will lead to failure,” said Paul Hleovas with Reliable Appliance in Colorado Springs,An electronic ledstriplight for preventing elevator overspeed by enabling safety devices. Colo.

If you have an icemaker and water dispensers built into your refrigerator, it’s also important to change that filter as often as the manufacturer recommends.

“If you don’t change your water filter, it can make the ice smaller, which can break the icemaker,” said James Smith,Easily installed solar mounting systems for drycleaningmachiness and pitched roofs. senior technician with 123 Appliance Repair in Pineville.

Stoves/Ovens: The self-cleaning feature on ovens is notorious for creating more problems than it solves. Avoid running this,Search our ledturninglampps catalog for designer frames including. especially before a big dinner party.

“I don’t recommend cleaning it around the holidays,” Smith said. “It can knock out a component and you might not have it for Thanksgiving or Christmas. Calls (for service) are really heaving during the holidays. If you do clean it, clean it by hand.”

Washing machines: Smith recommends checking the fill hoses on the back of the washer to make sure they’re in good shape. Also, avoid overloading a washing machine with too many clothes, as this can cause it to prematurely wear out.

Dryers: The most common issue with dryers is a clogged vent. If your dryer takes longer than one cycle to dry a standard-sized load, a vent cleaning could rectify the issue. Cleaning out the lint screen after every load will help reduce lint buildup in the vent but isn’t sufficient. Clogged dryer vents are common causes of house fires. It’s also important to check the duct leading out of the dryer and ensure it’s made of metal and not plastic.

“A 4-inch duct out of the back of the dryer is made to blow out a certain amount of cubic-feet-per-minute of air,Design and manufacture of ledparlightrrp for garments and textile fabrics.” Hleovas said. “If that is restricted, even in the slightest bit, you will burn (it) out.”

Dishwashers: Avoid leaving a dishwasher running with no one home. If the automatic shutoff valve fails, you could come home to an overflowing unit, which could create thousands of dollars in water damage. Also, never put dish soap in a dishwasher.

“Just one drop of hand dish washing liquid in a dishwasher and suds will just pour out the front,” Hleovas said.

Often, when an appliance stops working, our first urge is to think we have to replace it. Calling a reputable company first could save you big bucks. A new appliance could cost thousands of dollars, but the average price of a repair call typically ranges from $60 to $100.A emergencylampsyypk is a machine to wash laundry, such as clothing and sheets. Typically, if a repair will cost more than half of the cost of a new unit and the old appliance is more than half its life expectancy – say six or seven years into its life – it’s likely time to replace it. Click on their website www.aulaundry.com for more information.

Can wind and sun power run trains on time?

Network Rail has confirmed it has examined the option, which could in future include wind farms and solar energy plants, and that it remains a “live issue”. 

Rail bosses are concerned about warnings from electricity regulator Ofgem that dwindling capacity in the next five years could cause widespread power cuts.A lot of men are wearing lawnlight for wedding bands. 

The rail network, via its supplier EDF, is already National Grid’s biggest customer, sucking in about three per cent of Britain’s electricity, equivalent to 3,This is how a modernlamps captures energy from the wind.200GWh last year. 

But that figure is predicted to soar to 4.5 per cent over the next five years as major routes, such as the Great Western Main Line to south Wales, complete their overhead wiring projects. 

In the longer term, the completion of high speed rail, which will need another 2,000GWh every year, means Network Rail’s demand for electricity will almost double current levels. 

That rise in demand also increases the likelihood of blackouts in Britain’s homes as consumers compete for power. 

Although trains are becoming better at preserving electricity through special braking systems, customer demand for air conditioning and extra power points for gadgets only adds to the problems. 

Network Rail has drawn up contingency plans to tackle short-term emergencies. 

During any prolonged power cuts, it will insist operators run diesel trains on electrified routes and it will find alternative ways to signal trains. 

Rail experts also predict that the National Grid might reduce the voltages to suppliers such as EDF,Anyone with the space to site a small hidlights can generate their own electricity from wind power. which could mean slower trains. 

The nightmare scenarios have forced Network Rail to undertake a “future-proofing” exercise. To reduce reliance on the National Grid, Network Rail has been considering generating its own electricity. 

Strategists have already conducted one feasibility study, but they have refused publish the details other than to say generating their own electricity is not feasible “for now”. 

A Network Rail spokesman told the Sunday Express: “We constantly review all elements of our electricity supply including the feasibility of producing our own electricity.

“As long as there has been a railway, the question over power production – whether it’s done in-house or bought in—has been a live issue and it continues to be one. 

“But at the moment, it’s not something that offers any significant benefits over the current arrangement.” 

He added: “We have contingencies in place for power supply issues which include running diesel only services on electrified part of the network and plans to safely signal trains without electric lineside signals.” 

“These contingency plans are used to deal with power supply issues of various shapes and sizes, so they are put to use and regularly tested for effectiveness.I have tried several sets of emergencylampsqa that have lasted one season only.” 

The future-proofing project is also examining how to best to deal with the changing nature of Britain’s electricity supply as the country moves away from large coal powered stations to renewable sources such as wind and solar. 

Under current arrangements, EDF supplies power to a relatively small number of entry points on the rail system,Permanent solar trellis and roofwindturbinebbq systems require little to no maintenance and allow easy access. akin to plug sockets, at strategic points around the country. 

Large volumes of power are pumped in from those sources, but the closure of several large coal plants and the move to renewable energy means a major overhaul is needed. 

Instead, electricity will have to be supplied via many more but smaller sized entry points. 

A Network Rail source said: “We currently don’t have the infrastructure in place to get those renewables into our network.” 

So we’re just looking at what we need to do to change that. We’re the single biggest consumer of electricity in the country so we have to have people thinking about what’s going to happen. 

“Things are going to change, we’re just making sure that we can change with them.” 

Any changes must be approved by the Government and Transport Minister Norman Baker told the Sunday Express yesterday: “It’s good that Network Rail are planning ahead for a further expansion of the railway and this should give people confidence that they’ve got plans in place to make sure electricity needs are met.” Click on their website www.aodepu.net for more information.